Library Services
How To Cite Electronic Sources (MLA)
For more information on MLA Style, see: Gibaldi, Joseph. MLA Handbook for
Writers of Research Papers. 5th ed. New York: MLA, 1999. 178-202.
Athens Reference LB2369 .G53 1999
Citing a Web Site
Citations of electronic sources and those of print sources should accomplish
the same ends and have the same or similar formats. Both types of citations
identify a source and give sufficient information to allow a reader to locate
it. A citation for an online text contains the date assigned to the document
in the source as well as the date on which the researcher accessed the document.
URLs should be given and enclosed in angle brackets (< >). In case the
URL changes in the future, it is important to also include other identifying
information (e.g., author's name, title), so that the reader may locate the
material with a network browser.
A Complete Scholarly Project or Information Database:
Citation consists of (1) the title of the project or database, underlined;
(2) Name of the editor of the project, if given; (3) Electronic publication
information, including date of publication or latest update, and name of any
sponsoring institution or organization; as well as (4) date of access, and network
address (URL).
Example:
The History Channel Online. 1998. History Channel. 19 June 1998
<http://historychannel.com/>.
A Document within a Scholarly Project or Information Database:
Begin the citation with the author's name and, in quotation marks, the title
of the work. If no author is given, begin the citation with the title of the
material, in quotation marks.
Example:
"This Day in History: August 20." The History Channel Online.
1998. History Channel. 19 June 1998 <http://historychannel.com/thisday/today/980820.html>.
A Professional or Personal Site:
Begin with the name of the person who created the site, if available. Continue
with the title of the site (underlined), or, if there is no title, with a description
such as Home page; the name of any institution or organization associated with
the site; the date of access; and the URL.
Example of a Personal Site:
Lancashire, Ian. Home page. 1 May 1998 <http://www.chass.utoronto.ca:8080?~ian/>.
Example of a Professional Site:
Romance Languages and Literatures Home Page. 1 Jan. 1997. Dept. of Romance
Langs. And Lits., U of Chicago. 8 July 1998 <http://humanities.uchicago.edu/romance/>.
Creating References for Articles
Obtained From Electronic Databases Like GALILEO & netLibrary
CD-ROM Database:
Example of a Non-Periodical Publication:
Cite a non-periodical publication on CD-ROM as you would a book, but add a
description of the medium of publication.
Magill's Survey of Science. CD-ROM. 1998 ed. Pasadena: Salem,
1998.
Example of a Periodical Publication:
Citation contains (1) author's name, (2) publication information, (3) title
of the database (underlined), (4) publication medium (CD-ROM), (5) name of the
vendor, and (6) electronic publication date.
Guidelines for Family Television Viewing. Urbana: ERIC Clearinghouse
on Elementary and Early Childhood Educ., 1990. ERIC. CD-ROM. SilverPlatter.
June 1993.
Databases Accessed through an Online Service (e.g., GALILEO):
To cite online material without a URL that you derive from a service to which
a library subscribes, complete the citation by stating the name of the database
used (underlined); the name of the service; and the date of access. If you know
the URL of the service's home page, give it, in angle brackets, immediately
after the date of access.
Example of a Magazine Article from GALILEO:
Swibel, Mary. "Deans of the Dais." Forbes 19 Mar. 2001: 166.
Academic Search Elite. GALILEO. 21 Mar. 2001. <http://galileo.gsu.edu/Homepage.cgi>.
Example of a Periodical Article from GALILEO:
Tangum, Maurice Manley, and Morris Smelstor. "Hurston's and Angelou's
Visual Art: The Distancing Vision and the Beckoning Gaze." The Southern
Literary Journal 31.1 (1998): 77-80. WilsonSelectPlus. GALILEO. 21
Mar. 2001 <http://galileo.gsu.edu/Homepage.cgi>.
Example of a Newspaper Article from GALILEO:
Noonan, Edward. "Watching those Earth Moves Local Students are Monitoring
Quake Data." Boston Globe 28 Jan. 2001: A1. Lexis-Nexis Academic
Universe. GALILEO. 21 Mar. 2001 <http://galileo.gsu.edu/Homepage.cgi>.
Example of an Encyclopedia Article from GALILEO:
"Osteoarthritis." Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1999-2000.
Britannica.com. GALILEO. 26 Mar. 2001 <http://galileo.gsu.edu/Homepage.cge>.
Example of an Electronic Book from netLibrary via the ATC Library Catalog:
Schlachter, George Albert. Financial Aid for native Americans, 1999-2001.
El Dorado Hills, CA: Reference Service P, 1999. netLibrary. Athens Technical
College Library. 21 Mar. 2001 < http://hornet.athenstech.edu/uhtbin/cgisirsi/0/49>.
Example of the Same Electronic Book from netLibrary via GALILEO:
Schlachter, George Albert. Financial Aid for Native Americans, 1999-2001.
El Dorado Hills, CA: Reference Service P, 1999. netLibrary. GALILEO.
21 Mar. 2001 < http://galileo.gsu.edu/Homepage.cge>.
Example of a Chapter from an Electronic Book:
Arthur, Vincent. "The Role of the Nurse Specialist in Rheumatology."
Rheumatology for Nurses: Patient Care. Ed. Peter Le Gallez. London:
Whurr, 1998. 12-45. netLibrary. Athens Technical College Library. 21
Mar. 2001 <http://hornet.athenstech.edu/uhtbin/cgisirsi/0/40>.
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